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Citing CASA

Please cite the following paper if you use the CASA software:

  • The CASA Team, et al. (2022), “CASA, the Common Astronomy Software Applications for Radio Astronomy”, PASP, 134, 114501. DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/ac9642

For VLBI data processed in CASA, please in addition also cite:

  • van Bemmel, I., Kettenis, M., Small, D., et al. (2022), “CASA on the fringe – Development of VLBI processing capabilities for CASA”, PASP, 134, 114502. DOI: 10.1088/1538-3873/ac81ed

Citing the CASA pipeline

Note: CASA and the Pipeline are distinct software packages, albeit often packaged together — citing both version numbers is essential for reproducibility and credit.

Depending on the telescope and processing pipeline used, cite the applicable papers:

  • Hunter et al. (2023), “The ALMA Interferometric Pipeline Heuristics “, PASP, 135, 074501: cite when using the ALMA Interferometric Pipeline.

  • Masters et al. (2020), “Pipeline Calibration and Imaging for the ALMA Observatory”, ASP Conf. Ser., 527,639: cite when using the ALMA Interferometric or Single-Dish Pipeline.

  • Kent et al. (2020), “Pipeline Calibration and Imaging for the Very Large Array “, ASP Conf. Ser., 527, 571: cite when using the VLA or VLASS Pipeline.

  • Nakazato et al. (2022), “Pipeline Calibration and Imaging for the Nobeyama 45m Radio Telescope “, ASP Conf. Ser., 532, 397: cite when using the Nobeyama 45m (NRO) Pipeline.

For more information on properly citing the pipelines and specialized data services that use these pipelines, please see the external pipeline documentation.

Other relevant CASA publications

  • Emonts, B. (2026), “Role of General Users in the Lifecycle of Scientific Software “, ASP Conf. Ser., in press. (arXiv:2605.02870).

  • Emonts, B., van Bemmel, I., Moellenbrock, G., et al. (2025), “CASA, the Common Astronomy Software Applications for Radio Astronomy and VLBI: a Reference Summary “, ASP Conf. Ser., 538, 154

  • Emonts, B., Raba, R., Rau, U., et al. 2022, “The CASA software for radio astronomy: status update from ADASS 2020”, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXX, ASP Conf. Ser., 532, 389

  • Raba, R. 2020, “CASA Next Generation Infrastructure”, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXX, ASP Conf. Ser., 532, 67

  • Emonts, B., Raba, R., Moellenbrock, G., et al. 2020, “The CASA software for radio astronomy: status update from ADASS 2019”, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXIX, ASP Conf. Ser., 527, 267

  • Raba, R., Schiebel, D., Emonts, B., et al. 2020, “CASA 6: Modular Integration in Python”, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXIX, ASP Conf. Ser., 527, 271

  • Kepley, A., Tsutsumi. T., Brogan, C., et al. 2020,“Auto-multithresh: A General Purpose Automasking Algorithm”, PASP, 132, 02505

  • Rau, U., Naik, N., Braun, T., 2019, “A Joint Deconvolution Algorithm to Combine Single-dish and Interferometer Data for Wideband Multiterm and Mosaic Imaging” AJ, 158, 3

  • Rau, U., Bhatnagar, S., Owen, F. N., 2016, “Deep Wideband Single Pointings and Mosaics in Radio Interferometry”, AJ, 152, 124

  • Petry, D., CASA Development Team, 2012, “Analysing ALMA Data with CASA”, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XXI, ASP Conf. Ser., 461, 849

  • McMullin, J. P., Waters, B., Schiebel, D., Young, W., & Golap, K. 2007, “CASA Architecture and Applications”, Astronomical Data Analysis Software and Systems XVI, ASP Conf. Ser. 376, ed. R. A. Shaw, F. Hill, & D. J. Bell (San Francisco, CA: ASP), 127